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AI and LLM fundamentals

Workflow engines and job systems provide different guarantees for dispatch, persistence, recovery, waiting, and coordination. Temporal is a durable workflow platform; BullMQ is a Redis-backed job library; Inngest and Trigger.dev offer developer-oriented…

Long-running workflows persist progress while waiting for jobs, timers, or people. Retries repeat transiently failing work; timeouts cap waits; schedules start work at defined times. Durable waiting should not consume an open request or a sleeping application…

A state machine models valid states and transitions. A DAG, directed acyclic graph, models dependencies without loops. Event-driven workflows react to events such as document.uploaded or review.approved instead of doing all work inside one HTTP request.

Idempotency makes repeating the same logical request avoid repeated effects. Compensation is a business action that offsets an earlier action when later steps fail. Human approvals are authenticated events permitting specific transitions.

Beginner — What is MAF?

AI workflow automation embeds model tasks inside an ordinary business process. Python/FastAPI adds a service boundary for Python-specific parsing, numerical work, or model execution when needed. Node remains capable of hosted model calls and orchestration.

LangGraph essentials: nodes return state updates; reducers define merge behavior; edges control next steps; model routes need validation; production needs durable checkpoint storage and authorized threads. An interrupted node can restart, so pre-pause side…

CrewAI organizes agent work around roles, tasks, and orchestration constructs such as flows. Google ADK is an agent development toolkit with agent and workflow-oriented components. Both provide reusable abstractions; neither makes a multi-agent design…

A deterministic workflow follows explicitly coded transitions for given inputs and recorded external outcomes. It can call nondeterministic services, but its orchestration rules remain controlled. It is the natural extension of validation, transactions, and…

Microsoft Agent Framework, or MAF, provides agent abstractions and explicit workflows. An agent handles model-driven interaction and tool use; a workflow connects agents and ordinary functions through controlled paths. Microsoft describes it as the successor…

A production graph sits within an authenticated application, durable execution service, approved tools, checkpoint store, and monitoring system. LangChain supplies components; LangGraph controls stateful execution. A graph can be deterministic, agentic, or…

Workflow engines and job systems provide different guarantees for dispatch, persistence, recovery, waiting, and coordination. Temporal is a durable workflow platform; BullMQ is a Redis-backed job library; Inngest and Trigger.dev offer developer-oriented…

AI and LLM fundamentals

Long-running workflows persist progress while waiting for jobs, timers, or people. Retries repeat transiently failing work; timeouts cap waits; schedules start work at defined times. Durable waiting should not consume an open request or a sleeping application…

A state machine models valid states and transitions. A DAG, directed acyclic graph, models dependencies without loops. Event-driven workflows react to events such as document.uploaded or review.approved instead of doing all work inside one HTTP request.

Idempotency makes repeating the same logical request avoid repeated effects. Compensation is a business action that offsets an earlier action when later steps fail. Human approvals are authenticated events permitting specific transitions.

I compare ecosystem/language fit, state contracts, review/resume behavior, persistence guarantees, observability, and hosting. LangGraph starts from explicit state-graph orchestration; MAF provides agent and workflow abstractions in its ecosystem. The…

Beginner — What is MAF?

LangGraph essentials: nodes return state updates; reducers define merge behavior; edges control next steps; model routes need validation; production needs durable checkpoint storage and authorized threads. An interrupted node can restart, so pre-pause side…

A deterministic workflow follows explicitly coded transitions for given inputs and recorded external outcomes. It can call nondeterministic services, but its orchestration rules remain controlled. It is the natural extension of validation, transactions, and…

CrewAI organizes agent work around roles, tasks, and orchestration constructs such as flows. Google ADK is an agent development toolkit with agent and workflow-oriented components. Both provide reusable abstractions; neither makes a multi-agent design…

AI workflow automation embeds model tasks inside an ordinary business process. Python/FastAPI adds a service boundary for Python-specific parsing, numerical work, or model execution when needed. Node remains capable of hosted model calls and orchestration.

Microsoft Agent Framework, or MAF, provides agent abstractions and explicit workflows. An agent handles model-driven interaction and tool use; a workflow connects agents and ordinary functions through controlled paths. Microsoft describes it as the successor…

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module

AI Engineering learning module